An Investigation of Media Bias in Conflict Reporting and Its Influence on Public Perception: A Study of Makurdi Local Government Area, Benue State
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Background of the Study
The media plays a critical role in shaping public perception, especially during times of conflict. In Nigeria, media coverage of conflicts, particularly ethnic and religious violence, can have a significant impact on public understanding and response. Makurdi, the capital of Benue State, has witnessed numerous conflicts over the years, often involving ethnic and religious groups, and the role of the media in reporting these events is crucial. However, media reporting is not always neutral, and biases—whether based on ethnicity, religion, or political affiliation—can shape how conflicts are portrayed and understood by the public.
In recent years, both traditional and digital media have become key platforms for disseminating news about conflict in Benue State. Media bias in these reports can lead to distorted perceptions of the conflict and influence public opinion, potentially exacerbating existing tensions. This study aims to investigate the nature of media bias in conflict reporting in Makurdi, focusing on how the media’s portrayal of ethnic and religious conflicts influences public perception and, by extension, social cohesion.
Statement of the Problem
The rise of media bias in conflict reporting is a significant issue in Nigeria, particularly in conflict-prone areas like Makurdi. Media bias may affect how different ethnic, religious, or political groups are portrayed, often leading to heightened tensions and the further polarization of communities. This bias, whether intentional or unintentional, may shape public attitudes and responses to conflict in ways that hinder efforts to resolve tensions and promote peace. Despite the importance of media in conflict resolution, there is limited research on how media bias influences public perception in Makurdi during periods of ethnic and religious conflict. This study seeks to fill this gap by exploring the relationship between media bias and public perception in Makurdi.
Objectives of the Study
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To investigate the nature and extent of media bias in conflict reporting in Makurdi LGA.
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To evaluate the impact of biased media coverage on public perception of ethnic and religious conflicts in Makurdi.
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To explore the role of the media in either exacerbating or mitigating tensions during conflicts in Makurdi.
Research Questions
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What is the nature and extent of media bias in conflict reporting in Makurdi?
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How does media bias in conflict reporting influence public perception of ethnic and religious conflicts in Makurdi?
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What role does the media play in either escalating or de-escalating tensions during periods of conflict in Makurdi?
Research Hypotheses
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Media bias in conflict reporting significantly influences public perception of ethnic and religious conflicts in Makurdi.
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Biased media coverage exacerbates social tensions and polarization among different ethnic and religious groups in Makurdi.
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The media has a pivotal role in either mitigating or escalating tensions in conflict-prone areas like Makurdi.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study will focus on media reporting of ethnic and religious conflicts in Makurdi, particularly between 2020 and 2025. Limitations may include challenges in accessing media archives or public records of media coverage and potential reluctance from media outlets to discuss their biases openly. Additionally, assessing public perception could be influenced by external factors such as political or ethnic affiliation.
Definitions of Terms
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Media Bias: The inclination or prejudice of media outlets in the way they report news, often influencing how conflicts are portrayed.
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Public Perception: The collective views or attitudes of the general public regarding a specific issue, event, or group.
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Conflict Reporting: The portrayal of conflict events in the media, including the narratives provided and the sources cited.
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